ABC OF : BREAST CANCER. ( I ). MAY BE USEFUL. *** Although the PRECISE CAUSES of breast cancer are UNCLEAR, we know the main risk factors. Still, most women considered at high risk for breast cancer do not get it, while many with no known risk factors do develop breast cancer. Among the most significant factors are advancing age and a family history of breast cancer. *** Breast cancer usually starts in the inner lining of milk ducts or the lobules that supply them with milk. From there, it can spread to other parts of the body. The exact cause remains unclear, but some risk factors make it more likely. *** FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF BREAST CANCER INCLUDE :- * BEING FEMALE.......can occur in both men and women, but it's far more common in women....... * INCREASING AGE.......risk of breast cancer increases with age. * A PERSONAL HISTORY OF BREAST CANCER.......if one had breast cancer in one breast, then there is an increased risk of developing cancer in the other breast. * A FAMILY HISTORY OF BREAST CANCER.......If mother, sister or daughter was diagnosed with breast cancer, particularly at a young age, then the risk of breast cancer is increased. Still, the majority of people diagnosed with breast cancer have no family history of the disease....... * INHERITED GENES that increase cancer risk.......Certain gene mutations that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. The MOST COMMON gene mutations are referred to as BRCA1 and BRCA2. These genes can greatly increase your risk of breast cancer and other cancers, but they don't make cancer inevitable. * RADIATION EXPOSURE........ If one received radiation treatments to chest as a child or young adult, then risk of breast cancer is increased * OBESITY.......Being obese increases the risk of breast cancer. * BEGINNING OF PERIOD AT A YOUNGER AGE....... period before the age of 12 years increases the risk of breast cancer. * BEGINNING MENOPAUSE AT AN OLDER AGE.......more likely to develop breast cancer. * HAVING FIRST CHILD AT AN OLDER AGE....... Women who give birth to their first child after age 30 may have an increased risk of breast cancer. * HAVING NEVER BEEN PREGNANT....... Women who have never been pregnant have a greater risk of breast cancer than do women who have had one or more pregnancies. * POSTMENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY....... Women who take hormone therapy medications that combine estrogen and progesterone to treat the signs and symptoms of menopause have an increased risk of breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer decreases when women stop taking these medications. * DRINKING ALCOHOL.......Increases the risk of breast cancer. *** TYPES :- ANGIOSARCOMA DUCTAL CARCINOMA in situ (DCIS) INFLAMMATORY BREAST CANCER INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA MALE BREAST CANCER PAGET'S DISEASE OF THE BREAST RECURRENT BREAST CANCER....... ***** PREVENTION :- *** BREAST CANCER RISK REDUCTION FOR WOMEN WITH AN AVERAGE RISK : Making changes in your daily life may help reduce your risk of breast cancer. Try to: ** ASK your DOCTOR ABOUT BREAST CANCER SCREENING. Discuss with your doctor when to begin breast cancer screening exams and tests, such as clinical breast exams and mammograms. Talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of screening. Together, you can decide what breast cancer screening strategies are right for you. ** Become FAMILIAR WITH your breasts through breast SELF-EXAM for breast awareness. Women may choose to become familiar with their breasts by occasionally inspecting their breasts during a breast self-exam for breast awareness. IF there is a NEW CHANGE, LUMPS OR OTHER UNUSUAL SIGNS in your breasts, TALK TO your DOCTOR PROMPTLY. Breast awareness can't prevent breast cancer, but it may help you to better understand the normal changes that your breasts undergo and identify any unusual signs and symptoms. ** Drink ALCOHOL in moderation, IF AT ALL. LIMIT THE AMOUNT of alcohol you drink to less than one drink a day, if you choose to drink. ** EXERCISE most days of the week. Aim for AT LEAST 30 MINUTES of exercise ON MOST DAYS OF THE WEEK. If you haven't been active lately, ask your doctor whether it's OK and start slowly. ** LIMIT POSTMENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY. Combination hormone therapy may increase the risk of breast cancer. Talk with your doctor about the benefits and risks of hormone therapy. Some women experience bothersome signs and symptoms during menopause and, for these women, the increased risk of breast cancer may be acceptable in order to relieve menopause signs and symptoms. To reduce the risk of breast cancer, use the LOWEST DOSE of hormone therapy possible for the SHORTEST amount of TIME. ** MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT. If your weight is healthy, work to maintain that weight. If you need to lose weight, ask your doctor about healthy strategies to accomplish this. Reduce the number of calories you eat each day and slowly increase the amount of exercise. ** CHOOSE A HEALTHY DIET. Women who eat a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil and mixed nuts may have a reduced risk of breast cancer. The Mediterranean diet focuses mostly on plant-based foods, such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts. People who follow the Mediterranean diet choose healthy fats, such as olive oil, over butter and fish instead of red meat. *** BREAST CANCER RISK REDUCTION FOR WOMEN WITH A HIGH RISK : If your doctor has assessed your family history and other factors and determined that you may have an increased risk of breast cancer, options to reduce your risk include: ** Preventive medications (CHEMO PREVENTION). Estrogen-blocking medications may help reduce the risk of breast cancer. Options include tamoxifen and raloxifene (Evista). Aromatase inhibitors have shown some promise in reducing the risk of breast cancer in women with a high risk. These medications carry a risk of side effects, so doctors reserve these medications for women who have a very high risk of breast cancer. Discuss the benefits and risks with your doctor. ** PREVENTIVE SURGERY. Women with a very high risk of breast cancer may choose to have their healthy breasts surgically removed (prophylactic mastectomy). They may also choose to have their healthy ovaries removed (prophylactic oophorectomy) to reduce the risk of both breast cancer and ovarian cancer.

A Boy of 14 years age having Unilateral enlargement of breast Rt.side since 2years,non-tender,fixed,non discharging.Now fixed in size.

A 15 year old boy with enlarged breasts.. worrying about it.. what would be the cause for it and how to manage this case? please give your valuable suggestions!

carinoma breast in males is very rare entity although it's very common in females.Here i am discssing a case of male breast cancer.A 55 years old male presented with complaint of swelling and discharge from his breast for the last 1 year.histopathology proved to be mucinous adenocarcinoma.what should be the ideal line of management . please share your views

male breast cancer non metastatic how to proceed with