Name the structures passing through foramen of skull ?

Identify the instrument used in general surgery and tell 2 uses of the same.

What is the diagnosis? Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome  Hypoglossal nerve injury  Lingual carcinoma  Sarcoidosis  Vitamin B12 deficiency

A female patient 45 year old came with history of unable to opening her mouth since 8 days she can only takes liquids and small pieces of meal and semisolid meal with small spoon There is history of neck pain and bilateral jaw pain and unable to move TM joint No any tenderness or swelling locally Blood tests all normal X-rays done as follows please comment and give expert options regarding tm joint and best possible management Thanks

Male. 26 years. complains of pain left side of the face just below the ear. 15 days duration. started as a small red spot on the back of the ear lobe at the root of the ear. Gradually spread around to give the present appearance. just below the ear lobe there is a red, warm, tender and painful indrated area. says pain is intolerable and opening the mouth increases the pain. Kindly diagnose and treat.

50 yr old female present with this lesion which cause burning sensation during spicy food or ginger containing product for 3months ....she extracted her tooth bcoz of caries just beneath the lesion 3 months back....she has history of amalgam in one tooth 7 years back......no other associated problem or systemic disease......dx nd t/t????