A 35 yr old female P1 L1 A2 had previous H/o lower abdominal pain , vomiting 1 yr back..CA 125 was 170.80..other blood investigation were within normal limits.Ct abd and pelvis showed Right hydrosalpinx and left complex ovarian lesion.She was operated for laproscopic left ovarian cystectomy with right salphingectomy on 3/3/17.HPE report was simple benign serous cyst and tubal endometriosis..Now she has complaints of lower abdominal pain ..recently usg was taken ..and reports were attached..pls suggest next line of management

19 y.o man with recurrent upper and lower respiratory infections. Bronchoscopy was just completed. Seminal Fluid Comment: ONLY MOTILITY ORDERED FLUID VOLUME. . . <0.5 L (1.5-5.0) mL SFL SPERM M/100 . . . 60% (NORM>50%) Result Comment: 50% RAPID AND 50% SLUGGISH Result Comment: PERIOD OF ABSTINENCE FROM EJACULATION - 2 DAYS. Help in diagnose the condition and managing the case.

A patient presented with productive cough since 5 days associated with fever. He has recurrent episodes of cough,cold, expectoration and fever since childhood.He is married and had no children. Interpret the x-ray and diagnose the case according to history.

ABERNETHY MALFORMATION : I would like to share a rare case of Abernethy malformation. 38 yr old patient G2 P1 L1 PR LSCS. Consanguinous marriage. patient is obese,hirsute ,a known case of PCOD and hypothyroidism. I :Was treated for infertility./LSCS /Al female child /6 years/normal development. II : Was treated for secondary infertility. Tiffa normal. THERE WAS SINGLE UMBILICAL ARTERY. LSCS /CIAB /later developed cyanosis and was in NICU for 1 month.She was diagnosed as PPHN (Persistent pulmonary hypertension ). Now the baby is 2 years.Baby is having recurrent URTI. On examination,it was found that baby had abernethy malformation. ABERNATHY MALFORMATION (AM ). Congenital extra hepatic portosystemic shunt is a rare congenital anomaly that was first described by JOHN ABERNATHY in 1793 at autopsy of a 10 month old infant who died of unknown cause. AM is defined as congenital diversion of portal blood away from the liver by either end-to-side or side-to-side shunt. CLASSIFICATION OF CONGENITAL EXTRA HEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT. Classified into two types. Type I and II. TYPE I SHUNT :Characterized by the absence of the intrahepatic portal vein and complete end -to-side shunt. There are 2 sub-types . TYPE I A :Superior mesenteric and spleenic vein drain separately into inferior vena cava. TYPE II B :Superior mesenteric and spleenic vein form a common trunk before draining into the inferior vena cava. TYPE II :Marked by the presence of a patent intra hepatic portal vein and a partial side-to-side shunt. AM is associated with several congenital malformations like *Congenital heart disease. *Polyspleenia. *Biliary atresia. *Duodenal atresia. *Malrotation. *Annular pancreas. *Situs inversus. *Renal anomalies. *Skeletal anomalies. CLINICAL FEATURES : 1.Dilatation of intra pulmonary vessels and hepato pulmonary syndrome. 2.Diversion of gut derived toxins to the systemic circulation leading to hepatic encephalopathy or diversion of vaso active mediators into the systemic circulation. 3.Digital clubbing (ventilation perfusion mismatch) 4.Varying degrees of dyspnea on exertion (porto pulmonary hypertension or hepato pulmonary syndrome ). 5.Hepatic encephalopathy. 6.Hypoglycemia. DIAGNOSIS. *USG. *CT. *MRI. MANAGEMENT. In patients with type I malformation,occlusion of the shunt is not an option since it represents the only drainage route for the mesenteric venous blood. Hence,these patients require clinical, biochemical and imaging follow up. Those who develop severe hepatic encephalopathy pr malignant liver nodules,liver trans plantation is the only treatment option. For patients with type II malformation and serious symptoms such as hepatic encephalopathy ,shunt occlusion can be performed,eithr surgically or by percutaneous transcathetar coli placement. Our baby has high levels of ammonia and is advised to undergo placement of stent.

A 30 years old man ℅ primary infertility. Married 7 years. No issues. No specific complaints other than infertility. Occasional head ache. > pressure. > sleep . Pain in the throat < cold air. Semen analysis report attached herewith. Please suggest medical and general management.